Chlorophyta.html |
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| Chlorophyta | ||||||
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 "Siphoneae" from Ernst Haeckel's Kunstformen der Natur, 1904
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Chlorophyta, a division of green algae,3 includes about 7000 species4[1] of mostly aquatic photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. Like the land plants (bryophytes and tracheophytes), green algae contain chlorophylls a and b, and store food as starch4 in their plastids. They are related to the Charophyta and Embryophyta (land plants), together making up the Viridiplantae.
The division contains both unicellular and multicellular species. While most species live in freshwater habitats and a large number in marine habitats, other species are adapted to a wide range of environments. Watermelon snow, or Chlamydomonas nivalis, of the class Chlorophyceae, lives on summer alpine snowfields. Others live attached to rocks or woody parts of trees. Some lichens are symbiotic relationships with fungi and a green alga. Members of the Chlorophyta also form symbiotic relationships with protozoa, sponges and cnidarians. Some are flagellated and these have an advantage of motility. Some conduct sexual reproduction which is oogamy or isogamy.
Classes
- Class Bryopsidophyceae Bessey
- Class Chlorophyceae Wille
- Class Pedinophyceae Moestrup
- Class Pleurastrophyceae Mattox & K. D. Stewart
- Class Prasinophyceae T. A. Chr. ex Ø. Moestrup & J. Throndsen
- Class Trebouxiophyceae T. Friedl
- Class Ulvophyceae K. R. Mattox & K. D. Stewart
- Class Caryopoceae Jerry
Classification according to Hoek, Mann and Jahns 1995.4
- Prasinophyceae
- Ulvophyceae
- Cladophorophyceae
- Bryopsipophycese
- Dasycladophyceae
- Trentepoliophyceae
- Pleurastrophyceae (Pleurastrales and Prasiolales)
- Klebsormidiophyceae
- Zygnematophyceae
- Charophyceae
Classification according to Bold and Wynne (Introduction to the Algae, Second Edition, Prentice Hall NJ)
- Volvocales
- Tetrasporales
- Chlorococcales
- Chlorosarcinales
- Ulotrichales
- Sphaeropleales
- Chaetophorales
- Trentepohliales
- Oedogoniales
- Ulvales
- Cladophorales
- Acrosiphoniales
- Caulerpales
- Siphonocladales
- Dasycladales
References
- ^ Pascher A (1914). "Über Flagellaten und Algen". Berichte der deutsche botanischen Gesellschaft 32: 136–160.
- ^ Adl SM, Simpson AGB, Farmer MA, Andersen RA, Anderson OR, Barta JR, Bowser SS, Brugerolle G, Fensome RA, Fredericq S, James TY, Karpov S, Kugrens P, Krug J, Lane CE, Lewis LA, Lodge J, Lynn DH, Mann DG, McCourt RM, Mendoza L, Moestrup Ø, Mozley-Standridge SE, Nerad TA, Shearer CA, Smirnov AV, Speigel FW, Taylor MFJR (2005). "The new higher level classification of eukaryotes with emphasis on the taxonomy of protists". Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology 52: 399–451. doi:.
- ^ a b Guiry, M.D. & Guiry, G.M. (2007). "Phylum: Chlorophyta taxonomy browser". AlgaeBase version 4.2 World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway. Retrieved on 2007-09-23.
- ^ a b c Hoek, C. van den, Mann, D.G. and Jahns, H.M. 1995. Algae An Introduction to Phycology. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge. ISBN 0 521 30419 9
Further reading
Burrows, E.M. 1991. Seaweeds of the British Isles. Volume 2 Chlorophyta. Natural History Museum, London. ISBN 0-565-00981-8
Lewis, L. A. & McCourt, R. M. (2004). "Green algae and the origin of land plants". American Journal of Botany 91 (10): 1535–1556. doi:.
