Jiangnan DaYing.html



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Jiangnan DaYing (Chinese: 江南大營 or the Army Group Jiangnan; (first：1853 - 1856 and second： 1857 - 1860). The Qing government raised the Green Standard Army to fight against the Taiping Rebellion. Qing twice military Strategy surrounded the Nanjing (Taiping Rebellion capital) and lost at last.

First Jiangnan DaYing

Time

1853--1856 When the armies of the Taiping Rebellion occupied Nanjing, after 10 days Xiang Rong commanded 10,000 Green Standard Army tracked them to Taiping and stationed themselves outside the Nanjing wall.

Headquarter

Located in Ming Xiaoling Mausoleum

Leaders

Imperial Inspector Minister ： First Class Senior General Xiang Rong (向榮)

Military commander ：Second Class Senior General Her Chyun

Lieutenant General ： Zhang GuoLiang

Taiping Generals

Shi Dakai, Yang Xiuqing, Qin Rigang(秦日綱), Li Xiucheng

Strength

80,000 regular Army V.S. 460,000 Taiping Rebellion militia force at least

Outcome

In June 1, 1856, an army tried to stop Taiping forces but the Governor of Jiangsu Jeer Hungar(吉爾杭阿), Mayor of Nanjing, lost and his army of 7,800 were all killed.

There was a heated battle from June 16 to June 20, but the Qing army of 80,000 was defeated and the surviving 36,000 followers of Xiang Rong retreated north. August 9. Xiang Rong committed suicide in Danyang, but this strategy stopped the forces' march north.

Second Jiangnan DaYing

Time

1858--1860

Headquarter

Leaders

Imperial Inspector Minister： First Class Senior General Her Chyun

Viceroy of Liangjiang：He Guiqing (何桂清) (escaped to Shanghai and was executed by Qing)

Military commander： Second Class Senior General Zhang GuoLiang (KIA:early May1860)

Governor of Zhejiang province 1st Luo Zundian(羅遵殿) (D:early March1860) forced suicide)

Governor of Zhejiang province 2nd Wang Youling(王有齡) (D:early October1861) forced suicide)

Governor of Jiangsu province Xu Youren (徐有壬) (KIA:early December 21, 1860)

Lieutenant General：Zhang YuLiang (張玉良)(KIA: October1861)

Lieutenant General：Zhou Tengso (周天受)(KIA:middle May1860)

Lieutenant General：Wang Jung (王浚)(KIA:late April1860)

Taiping Generals

Li Xiucheng, Lai Wenkwok, Tong Zonghai(童容海), Chen Yucheng, Yang Fuqing(楊輔清), Li Shixian, Liu Qeuling(劉瑲琳)

Strength

The regular Army had only 180,000 soldiers while the Taiping Rebellion militia force had at least 560,000 soldiers.

Outcome

Taiping Rebellion forces occupied Jiangsu in 1860. The next year, they occupied Zhejiang. The Jiangnan DaYing was destroyed. The Second Opium War took place and Xianfeng Emperor died in 1861. The Xiang Army and Huai Army combined to become the Green Standard Army in 1862 and for the third time they surrounded and attacked Nanjing, successfully ending the civil war in July 1864.

Commentary

The Jiangnan DaYing had trouble making the payroll for its forces, and these forces were insufficient to fight off the British and French forces in northern China.

The leaders intrigue against each other： Xiang Rong(向榮)　and Her Chyun in the first Jiangnan DaYing Her Chyun group, He Guiqing group and Zeng Guofan group dispute inner officials system, which allowed the Taiping Rebellion to gain momentum.

Her Chyun's ability to use Brigadier General‘s works but he belittled the Taiping Rebellion, He Guiqing's cowardice and Zeng Guofan' selfishness. the third reason for their loss.

See also

First rout the Army Group Jiangnan

Second rout the Army Group Jiangnan

Second Opium War

References

• Draft History of Qing