This article is a list of major epidemics.
Worldwide pandemics
The following are epidemics which spread across several continents.
Regional
Asia
Africa
Australia
Central and South America
Europe
- 1347 – 1351: Black Death
- 1428: plague – London, England45
- 1466: plague – Paris, France
- 1489: typhus – Granada, Spain
- 1485: sweating sickness – England
- 1494 – 1495: plague – Iceland
- 1498: plague – England46
- 1509 – 1510: plague – England
- 1527: plague – Germany
- 1557: plague – Valencia, Spain
- 1563 – 1564: plague – England
- 1570: plague – Moscow, Russia
- 1574: plague – Edinburgh, Scotland
- 1596 – 1602: plague – Spain47
- 1603: plague – London, England
- 1630: Great Plague of Milan – Milan, Italy
- 1630 – 1631: plague – Venice, Italy
- 1636: plague – Newcastle, England
- 1647 – 1652: Great Plague of Seville – Spain
- 1656: plague – Naples, Italy
- 1663 – 1664: plague – Amsterdam, Netherlands
- 1665: Great Plague of London – London, England
- 1668: plague – France
- 1676 – 1685: plague – Spain
- 1679: Great Plague of Vienna – Vienna, Austria
- 1710 – 1711: plague – Stockholm, Sweden
- 1720 – 1722: Great Plague of Marseille – France
- 1730: yellow fever - Cadiz, Spain
- 1743: plague – Messina, Italy
- 1770 – 1772: plague – Russia
- 1778: dengue fever - Cadiz, Spain
- 1800-1803: yellow fever - Spain48
- 1813: plague – Malta
- 1813: plague – Bucharest, Romania
- 1816 – 1819: typhus – Ireland
- 1821: yellow fever - Barcelona, Spain49
- 1832: cholera – London, Paris
- 1840: plague – Dalmatia
- 1857: yellow fever - Lisbon, Portugal
- 1866 – 1867: cholera – Russia, Germany
- 1870 – 1871: smallpox – Germany
- 1881 – 1896: cholera – Hamburg, Germany
- 1918 – 1922: typhus – Russia
- 1972: smallpox – Yugoslavia (1972 outbreak of smallpox in Yugoslavia)
Egypt
North America
- 1592 – 1596: measles – Seneca Indians50
- 1617 – 1619: smallpox – Massachusetts Bay area51
- 1630: smallpox – Hurons of Ontario
- 1634: smallpox – Indians living along the Connecticut River
- 1633: smallpox – Plymouth Colony
- 1657: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
- 1687: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
- 1690: yellow fever – New York, New York
- 1713: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
- 1713 – 1715: measles – Indians of New England and the Great Lakes
- 1721 – 1722: smallpox – Boston, Massachusetts52
- 1729: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
- 1738: smallpox – South Carolina
- 1739 – 1740: measles – Boston, Massachusetts
- 1747: measles – Connecticut, New York, Pennsylvania, South Carolina
- 1755 – 1756: smallpox – North America
- 1759: measles – North America
- 1761: influenza – North America and West Indies
- 1770s: smallpox – Northwest Coast Indians53
- 1772: measles – North America
- 1775: unknown cause – North America, particularly in the northeast
- 1780 – 1782: smallpox – Plains Indians54
- 1783: bilious disorder – Dover, Delaware
- 1788: measles – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania and New York
- 1788: smallpox – Pueblo Indians
- 1793: influenza and "putrid fever" – Vermont
- 1793: influenza – Virginia
- 1793: yellow fever – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania (Yellow Fever Epidemic of 1793)55
- 1793: unknown – Harrisburg, Pennsylvania
- 1793: unknown – Middletown, Pennsylvania
- 1794: yellow fever – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- 1796 – 1797: yellow fever – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- 1798: yellow fever – Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
- 1803: yellow fever – New York
- 1820 – 1823: fever – United States spreading from the Schuylkill River
- 1831 – 1832: Asiatic cholera – United States (brought by English immigrants)
- 1831 – 1834: smallpox – Plains Indians
- 1832: cholera – New York City and other major cities
- 1833: cholera – Columbus, Ohio
- 1834: cholera – New York City
- 1837: typhus – Philadelphia
- 1837 – 1838: smallpox – Great Plains (1837-38 smallpox epidemic)
- 1841: yellow fever – United States (especially severe in the South)
- 1847: yellow fever New Orleans
- 1848 – 1849: cholera – North America
- 1849: cholera New York
- 1850: yellow fever – United States
- 1850 – 1851: influenza – North America
- 1851: cholera Coles County, Illinois, The Great Plains, and Missouri
- 1852: yellow fever – United States (New Orleans-8,000 die in summer)
- 1855: yellow fever – United States
- 1860 – 1861: smallpox – Pennsylvania
- 1862, smallpox - Pacific Northwest, particularly the British Columbia Coast and Interior
- 1865 – 1873: smallpox – Philadelphia, New York City, Boston, New Orleans
- 1865 – 1873: cholera – Baltimore, Maryland, Memphis, Washington, DC
- 1865 – 1873: recurring epidemics of typhus, typhoid, scarlet fever, and yellow fever
- 1873 – 1875: influenza – North America and Europe
- 1876: smallpox – Deadwood, South Dakota
- 1878: yellow fever – Memphis, New Orleans
- 1885: typhoid – Plymouth, Pennsylvania
- 1886: yellow fever – Jacksonville, Florida
- 1900 – 1904: "Third Pandemic" – San Francisco56
- 1918 – 1920: Spanish flu – United States, Canada, Mexico (worldwide)
- 1999 – 2003: West Nile virus – United States and Canada
- 1980 – present: HIV/AIDS in the United States57
See also
Notes
- ^ The History of the Bubonic Plague
- ^ On the trail of the Black Death
- ^ Black Death the Bubonic Plague
- ^ The Islamic World to 1600: The Mongol Invasions (The Black Death)
- ^ Plague - LoveToKnow 1911
- ^ Texas Department of State Health Services, History of Plague
- ^ Self-limiting nature of seasonal cholera epidemics: Role of host-mediated amplification of phage
- ^ World Health Organization action in Afghanistan aims to control debilitating leishmaniasis
- ^ Malaria Epidemic Sweeps Northeast India
- ^ Dengue epidemic threatens India's capital
- ^ WHO | Chikungunya in India
- ^ Cholera outbreak in Iraq growing, Associated Press
- ^ Cholera death toll in India rises, BBC News
- ^ Cholera epidemic losing its sting
- ^ Cambodia suffers worst dengue epidemic, 407 dead, Reuters
- ^ Dengue cases in Philippines rise by 43 percent: government
- ^ Vietnam PM urges action against diarrhea outbreak, Thanh Nien Daily
- ^ Plague - LoveToKnow 1911
- ^ Black Death
- ^ African trypanosomiasis (sleeping sickness), WHO
- ^ Reanalyzing the 1900-1920 sleeping sickness epidemic in Uganda
- ^ Dual epidemic threatening Africa, BBC News
- ^ Nigeria cholera outbreak kills 400
- ^ Cholera Spreads Through South Africa Townships
- ^ Plague reappearance in Algeria after 50 years, 2003.
- ^ Cholera epidemic takes hold in Senegal
- ^ MALI: Yellow fever epidemic in Kayes,
- ^ Worst cholera outbreak in Angola, BBC
- ^ "Mourners die as fever grips Congo." Sydney Morning Herald, August 30, 2007
- ^ Fatal outbreak not a cholera epidemic, insists Ethiopia
- ^ Vaccine-linked polio hits Nigeria, BBC News
- ^ Somalia cholera death fears grow
- ^ Madagascar: eighteen dead from Bubonic Plague, five in hospital since 1 January 2008
- ^ Cholera epidemic in western Chad kills 123
- ^ BC [Before Cook and Colonisation]
- ^ Aboriginal Health History
- ^ South Australian History Timeline (19th Century)
- ^ Australian Medical Pioneers Index (AMPI) – Colonial Medical Life
- ^ Texas Department of State Health Services, History of Smallpox
- ^ Guns Germs & Steel: Variables. Smallpox
- ^ American plague, New Scientist
- ^ HIV and AIDS statistics and features
- ^ Dengue in the Americas: The Epidemics of 2000
- ^ Dengue fever epidemic hits Caribbean, Latin America, Reuters
- ^ Plague – LoveToKnow 1911
- ^ Plague in Tudor and Stuart England
- ^ A History of Spain and Portugal
- ^ Tiger mosquitoes and the history of yellow fever and dengue in Spain
- ^ Yellow Fever - LoveToKnow 1911
- ^ American Indian Epidemics
- ^ The Fight to Eradicate a Global Scourge
- ^ Zabdiel Boylston and innoculation
- ^ Greg Lange,"Smallpox epidemic ravages Native Americans on the northwest coast of North America in the 1770s", 23 Jan 2003, HistoryLink.org, Online Encyclopedia of Washington State History, accessed 2 Jun 2008
- ^ The first smallpox epidemic on the Canadian Plains: In the fur-traders' words
- ^ Epidemics
- ^ History of Plague
- ^ HIV's Path Out Of Africa: Haiti, The US Then The World
References
On Egypt
- Kuhnke, Laverne. Lives at Risk: Public Health in Nineteenth-Century Egypt.[1] Berkeley: University of California Press, c1990.
- Gallagher, Nancy. Egypt's Other Wars: Epidemics and the Politics of Public Health. Syracuse University Press, c1990. Published by the American University in Cairo Press. ISBN 977-424-295-5
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