-
This is a selected list of the world's indigenous peoples. For guidelines on what should be included or excluded in this listing, see this article's Talk page.
Note that this is a listing of peoples, groups and communities. It is not a list of individual persons who may be considered or recognised as indigenous.
This list is grouped by region, and sub-region. Note that a particular group may warrant listing under more than one region, either because the group is distributed in more than one region (example: Inuit in North America and eastern Russia), or there may be some overlap of the regions themselves (that is, the boundaries of each region are not always clear and some locations may commonly be associated with more than one region).
Africa
-
The continent of Africa, including associated islands such as Madagascar, but excluding Arabia.
Central Africa
Central Africa generally includes the lands mainly of the Congo River basin, south of the Sahara and west of the Great Rift Valley.
East Africa
East Africa generally includes the Horn of Africa region and (parts of) surrounding countries.
- Acholi: Uganda
- Afar: Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia
- Agaw: Ethiopia
- Akisho: Ethiopia
- Alur: Uganda
- Ambo: Zambia
- Amhara: Ethiopia
- Ankole: Uganda
- Anuak: Ethiopia
- Antalote: Comoros
- Arap: Ethiopia
- Aushi: Zambia
- Aw-Qutub: Ethiopia
- Aweer: Kenya, Somalia1
- Ayoup: Ethiopia
- Baganda: Uganda
- Bagisu: Uganda
- Bagwere: Uganda
- Bakiga: Uganda
- Bakonjo: Uganda
- Bajuni: Somalia, Kenya
- Basoga: Uganda
- Batoro: Uganda
- Beja: Eritrea
- Bemba: Zambia
- Benadiri (Reer Hamar): Somalia
- Bertat: Ethiopia
- Betsileo: Madagascar
- Bilen: Eritrea
- Bisa: Zambia
- Borana: Ethiopia
- Bravanese: Somalia
- Bunyoro: Uganda
- Daasanach: Ethiopia
- Cafre: Comoros
- Chagga: Tanzania
- Chewa: Malawi
- Chikunda: Zambia
- Chokwe: Mozambique, Zambia
- Chopi: Mozambique
- Cishinga: Zambia
- Dir (clan): Ethiopia, Somalia
- Dorze: Ethiopia
- Gadabuursi: Ethiopia, Somalia
- Garhajis: Ethiopia
- Garre: Ethiopia, Kenya
- Gova: Zambia
- Gumuz: Ethiopia
- Gurage: Ethiopia
- Habar Tol Jaalo: Ethiopia
- Hadzabe: Tanzania
- Hamer people: Ethiopia
- Haya: Tanzania
- Hedareb: Eritrea
- Hehe: Tanzania
- Hutu: Burundi, Rwanda
- Ila: Zambia
- Inamwanga: Zambia
- Irir Samaale: Ethiopia
- Iteso: Uganda
- Iwa: Zambia
- Jeberti: Ethiopia
- Jopadhola: Uganda
- Kabende: Zambia
- Kalenjin: Kenya
- Kamba: Kenya
- Kaonde: Zambia
- Karamojong: Uganda
- Kichepo: Ethiopia
- Kikuyu: Kenya
- Kisii: Kenya
- Kosa: Zambia
- Kunama: Eritrea
- Kunda: Zambia
- Kwandi: Zambia
- Kwandu: Zambia
- Kwangwa: Zambia
- Lala: Zambia
- Lamba: Zambia
- Lango: Uganda
- Lenje: Zambia
- Leya: Zambia
- Lima: Zambia
- Liyuwa: Zambia
- Lomwe: Malawi
- Lozi: Zambia
- Luano: Zambia
- Lucazi: Zambia
- Lugbara: Uganda
- Luhya: Kenya
- Lumbu: Zambia
- Lunda: Zambia
- Lundwe: Zambia
- Lungu: Zambia
- Luo: Kenya, Tanzania
- Luvale: Zambia
- Luunda: Zambia
- Maasai: Kenya and Tanzania
- Makoa: Comoros
- Makoma: Zambia
- Makonde: Mozambique
- Makua: Mozambique
- Mambwe: Zambia
- Manyika: Mozambique
- Marehan: Ethiopia
- Mashasha: Zambia
- Mashi: Zambia
- Mbowe: Zambia
- Mbukushu: Zambia
- Mbumi: Zambia
- Mbunda: Zambia
- Mbwela: Zambia
- Me'en: Ethiopia
- Merina: Madagascar
- Meru: Kenya
- Mukulu: Zambia
- Mulonga: Zambia
- Munyoyaya: Kenya
- Mursi: Ethiopia
- Nara: Eritrea
- Ndau: Mozambique
- Ndembu: Zambia
- Ng'umbo: Zambia
- Ngonde: Malawi
- Ngoni: Malawi
- Nguni: Mozambique
- Nkoya: Zambia
- Nsenga: Zambia
- Nuba: Sudan
- Nubians: Sudan
- Nuer: Ethiopia
- Nyakyusa: Tanzania
- Nyamwezi: Tanzania
- Nyangatom: Ethiopia
- Nyanja: Malawi, Zambia
- Nyengo: Zambia
- Nyiha: Zambia
- Ogaden (clan): Ethiopia
- Ogiek: Kenya
- Oimatsaha: Comoros
- Oromo: Ethiopia
- Qemant: Ethiopia
- Rahanweyn: Somalia
- Rashaida: Eritrea
- Rer Bare: Ethiopia
- Rundi: Uganda
- Rwanda: Uganda
- Saho: Eritrea
- Sakalava: Comoros
- Sala: Zambia
- Seba: Zambia
- Sena: Malawi, Mozambique
- Senga: Zambia
- Sengwer: Kenya
- Shangana: Mozambique
- Shanjo: Zambia
- Shanqella: Ethiopia
- Sheikhaal: Ethiopia
- Shila: Zambia
- Shona: Mozambique
- Sidama people: Ethiopia
- Simaa: Zambia
- Soli: Zambia
- Somali: Somalia, Djibouti, Ethiopia
- Subiya: Zambia
- Sukuma: Tanzania
- Suri: Ethiopia
- Swaka: Zambia
- Tabwa: Zambia
- Tambo: Zambia
- Tigre: Eritrea
- Tigray-Tigrinya people (Tigrinya): Eritrea
- Tigray-Tigrinya people (Tigray): Ethiopia
- Toka: Zambia
- Totela: Zambia
- Tumbuka: Malawi, Zambia
- Tirma: Ethiopia
- Tonga: Malawi, Mozambique, Zambia
- Tutsi: Burundi, Rwanda
- Twa, (Pygmy): Burundi, Rwanda, Zambia,Uganda
- Unga: Zambia
- Wandya: Zambia
- Watha: Kenya
- Welayta: Ethiopia
- Welega Oromo: Ethiopia
- Yao: Malawi, Mozambique
- Yiaku/Yaaku: Kenya
- Yombe: Zambia
- Zay: Ethiopia
- Zulu: Mozambique
North Africa
North Africa generally includes African countries with borders on the Mediterranean Sea and northern Red Sea and Atlantic Ocean, bounded largely by the Sahara Desert to the south.
Southern Africa
Southern Africa generally includes lands from the Cape of Good Hope northwards to the borders of Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tanzania, and islands such as Madagascar.
West Africa
West Africa generally includes the region bounded by the Sahara Desert to the north and the Gulf of Guinea to the south.
Americas
the Americas is the continent (or supercontinent) comprising North and South America, and associated islands.
-
- Further information: List of Native American Tribal Entities
The Caribbean
the Caribbean, or West Indies, generally includes the island chains of the Caribbean Sea.
- Taíno: Amerindians who inhabited the Caribbean island of Hispanola, of Arawakan descent.
- Galibi
- Neo-Taíno nations Some scholars distinguish between the Taíno and Neo-Taíno groups. Neo-Taíno groups were also Amerindians of the Antilles islands, but had distinctive languages and cultural practices that differed from the High Taíno.2 These groups include;
Central America and Mexico
Central America generally includes the part of the North American (sub-)contintent from southern Mexico to and including Panama, this section includes indigenous peoples of Mexico.
- Achi' (Mayan people of Guatemala)
- Amuzgo (Oaxaca, Mexico)
- Bribri (Costa Rica)
- Chocho (Oaxaca, Mexico)
- Cocopa (Baja California, Mexico)
- Guarijío (Sonora, Mexico)
- Garífuna (Belize and Honduras)
- Kikapú (Coahuila, Mexico)
- Paipai (Baja California, Mexico)
- Tepehuán (Chihuahua and Durango, Mexico)
- Chontal de Oaxaca (Tequistlatecan people of Oaxaca, Mexico)
- Chatino (Oaxaca, Mexico)
- Chichimeca Jonaz (San Luis Potosí, Mexico)
- Chinantec (Oaxaca, Mexico)
- Ch'ol (Mayan language of Chiapas Mexico)
- Chorotega (Honduras, Nicaragua, and Costa Rica)
- Ch'orti' people (Mayan people of El Salvador)
- Chontal Maya (Mayan language of Tabasco, Mexico)
- Chuj (Mayan people of Guatemala)
- Cochimí (Baja California, Mexico)
- Cora People (Jalisco and Nayarit Mexico)
- Cuicatec(Oaxaca, Mexico)
- Huastec people (San Luis Potosí, Mexico)
- Huave (Oaxaca, Mexico)
- Huichol language (Jalisco and Nayarit Mexico)
- Itza (Mayan people of Guatemala)
- Ixcatec (Oaxaca, Mexico)
- Ixil (Mayan people of Guatemala)
- Jakaltek people (Mayan people of Guatemala - also called Poptí)
- Tolupan (Honduras)
- Kaqchikel (Mayan people of Guatemala)
- K'iche' (Mayan people of Guatemala)
- Kiliwa (Baja California, Mexico)
- Kumeyaay (Baja California, Mexico)
- Kuna (people) (Panama)
- Lacandón (Chiapas, Mexico)
- Lenca (Honduras and El Salvador)
- Maleku (Costa Rica)
- Mam people (Mayan people of Guatemala)
- Matlatzinca (Mexico (state), Mexico)
- Mayo people (Sonora, Mexico)
- Mazahua (Mexico (state), Mexico)
- Mazatec (Puebla and Oaxaca, Mexico)
- Mexicanero (Durango, Mexico)
- Miskito (Honduras and Nicaragua)
- Mixe (Oaxaca, Mexico)
- Mixtec (Oaxaca, Mexico)
- Mopan Maya (Mayan people of Guatemala and Belize)
- Nahua (Mexico)
- Pame (San Luis Potosí, Mexico)
- Pech (Honduras)
- Pima Bajo (Chihuahua, Mexico)
- Popoloca (Oaxaca, and Puebla, Mexico)
- Poqomchi' (Mayan people of Guatemala)
- Poqomam (Mayan people of Guatemala)
- P'urhépecha (Michoacan, Mexico)
- Q'anjob'al (Mayan people of Guatemala)
- Q'eqchi' (Mayan people of Guatemala)
- Rama (people) Nicaragua
- Seri (Sonora, Mexico)
- Sumo (people) (Nicaragua)
- Tarahumara (Chihuahua, Mexico)
- Tlapanec people (Me'phaa) (Guerrero, Mexico)
- Tojolabal (Mayan people of Guatemala)
- Totonac (Veracruz and Puebla, Mexico)
- Trique (Oaxaca, Mexico)
- Tzeltal (Chiapas, Mexico)
- Tzotzil (Chiapas, Mexico)
- Tz'utujil (Mayan people of Guatemala)
- Xinca people (Guatemala)
- Yaqui (Sonora, Mexico)
- Yucatec Maya (Yucatán, Quintana Roo and Campeche Mexico)
- Zapotec people (Oaxaca, Mexico)
- Zoque (Oaxaca and Chiapas Mexico)
North America
North America generally includes Greenland, Canada, the United States, Mexico, and the eastern Aleutian Islands.
South America
South America generally includes all of the (sub-)continent and islands south of the Isthmus of Panama.
- Asháninka: Peru
- Awá: eastern Amazonian rainforest, Brazil
- Ayoreo: the Chaco, Paraguay/Bolivia
- Bora: Colombia/Peru
- Bororo: Mato Grosso, Brazil
- Chayahuita: Loreto, Peru
- Cocama-Cocamilla: Loreto, Peru
- Embera: Colombia/Panamá
- Enxet: Paraguay
- Jivaroan: Loreto and San Martín, Peru
- Guaraní: Paraguay, Brazil, Bolivia and Argentina
- Korubu: Brazil
- Kuna: Panama
- Makuxi: Brazil/Guyana
- Mapuche: Chile/Argentina
- Matis: Brazil/Peru
- Matsés: Brazil/Peru
- Nukak: Colombia
- Nasa: Colombia
- Secoya: Loreto, Peru/Ecuador
- Tapirape: Brazil
- Ticuna: Brazil/Peru/Colombia
- Tukano: Colombia
- Tupi: Paraguay, Brazil, Bolivia, Peru and Argentina
- Urarina: Chambira Basin, Loreto Peru
- U'wa: Colombia
- Yora: Amazon rainforest, southeast Peru
- Wichí: the Chaco, Argentina/Bolivia
- Warao: of Venezuela's Orinoco River delta region.
- Wayuu Venezuela/Colombia
Asia
The (sub-)continent of Asia, including related islands, the Indian subcontinent, Central Asian Republics, the Middle East and Arabia.
Central Asia
Central Asia generally includes the landlocked region east of the Caspian Sea, south of the Russian Taiga, to the Himalayas, and extending eastwards to Mongolia and the western Chinese provinces and autonomous regions.
East Asia
East Asia generally includes the People's Republic of China (except perhaps province of Qinghai and the western autonomous regions of Tibet and Xinjiang), the Korean Peninsula, and the associated Pacific islands, principally Japan and Taiwan.
North Asia
North Asia generally includes the Russian Far East and the northern and eastern parts of Siberia.
South Asia
South Asia generally includes the Indian subcontinental region, the Himalayan states and related islands of the Indian Ocean.
Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia generally includes the mainland region sometimes known as Indochina, and the Malay archipelago.
- Bajau: Borneo and the Sulu Archipelago (Malaysia, Indonesia, Philippines)
- Akha: The Akha of Thailand, Laos, Myamar and China South East Asia
- Degar: The Montagnards of mainland South East Asia
- Igorot: Cordillera mountains in Luzon in the Philippines.
- Lumad: Mindanao in the Philippines
- Mangyan: Mindoro in the Philippines
- Negrito: Southeast Asia, includes the Semang of the Malay peninsula, the Aeta of Luzon, the Ati of Panay, the Mani of Thailand, and the Andamanese. Also called orang asli or original people in the Malay.
- Penan: Sarawak, Malaysia
- Sakai: Malay peninsula, distinct from Negritos
- Tribes of Palawan: Palawan, Philippines
- Hmong
Southwest Asia
Southwest Asia generally includes the region (formerly Persia) westwards of Pakistan, the Arabian peninsula, the Middle East, the Levant, Mesopotamia, the Caucasus region and Anatolia.
Circumpolar North
The Circumpolar North generally includes the lands surrounding the Arctic Circle.
Europe
Europe generally refers to the mass of the Eurasian peninsula westwards of the Ural Mountains, the islands of the Mediterranean Sea and North Atlantic Ocean.
Oceania
Oceania includes most islands of the Pacific Ocean, New Guinea and the continent of Australia.
Australia
Australia includes the continental landmass, and associated islands.
- Further information: List of Indigenous Australian group names
Melanesian
Melanesian generally includes New Guinea and other (far-)western Pacific islands from the Arafura Sea out to Fiji.
- Papuans: more than 250 distinct tribes or clans, each with their own language and culture. The main island of New Guinea and surrounding islands (territory forming independent state of Papua New Guinea and the Indonesian provinces of West Papua and Papua Considered "Indigenous" these people are a subject to many debates.
Micronesia
Micronesia generally includes the various small island chains of the western and central Pacific.
Polynesia
Polynesia generally includes New Zealand and thus islands of the central and southern Pacific Oceans
See also
Notes
- ^ Kipuri (2007, p.472)
- ^ Rouse (1992)
- ^ Sawahla & Dloomy (2007, pp.425–433)
- ^ Bachmann (2007, pp.420–424)
References
- Bachmann, Anna Sophia (2007). "The Marsh Dwellers of Iraq", in Sille Stidsen (compilation and ed.): The Indigenous World 2007 (PDF online edition), International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs yearbooks (ISSN 1024-0217), Copenhagen: IWGIA, distributed by Transaction Publishers, pp.420–424. ISBN 978-87-91563-23-2. OCLC 30981676.
- Kipuri, Naomi (2007). "Kenya", in Sille Stidsen (compilation and ed.): The Indigenous World 2007 (PDF online edition), Marianne Wiben Jensen (Horn of Africa and East Africa regional ed.), International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs yearbooks (ISSN 1024-0217), Copenhagen: IWGIA, distributed by Transaction Publishers, pp.468–476. ISBN 978-87-91563-23-2. OCLC 30981676.
- Rouse, Irving (1992). The Tainos: Rise and Decline of the People who greeted Columbus. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-05181-6. OCLC 24469325.
- Sawalha, Faisal; and Ariel Dloomy (2007). "The Arab Bedouins of Israel", in Sille Stidsen (compilation and ed.): The Indigenous World 2007 (PDF online edition), International Work Group for Indigenous Affairs yearbooks (ISSN 1024-0217), Copenhagen: IWGIA, distributed by Transaction Publishers, pp.425–433. ISBN 978-87-91563-23-2. OCLC 30981676.
|