Obligate intracellular parasite.html

Obligate intracellular parasites are parasitic microorganisms that cannot reproduce outside their host cell, forcing the host to assist in the parasite's reproduction.

Obligate intracellular parasites of humans include:

Viruses
Certain bacteria, including:
- Chlamydia, and closely related species.¹
- Rickettsia
- Coxiella
- Certain species of Mycobacterium such as Mycobacterium leprae
Certain protozoa, including:
- Plasmodia species

The mitochondria in human cells may also have originally been such parasites, but ended up forming a symbiotic relationship.

References

^ Amann R, Springer N, Schönhuber W, et al (January 1997). "Obligate intracellular bacterial parasites of acanthamoebae related to Chlamydia spp". Applied and environmental microbiology 63 (1): 115–21. PMID 8979345. PMC: 168308, http://aem.asm.org/cgi/pmidlookup?view=long&pmid=8979345.

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