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Shishman (Bulgarian: Шишман), also Shishmanids or Shishmanovtsi (Bulgarian: Шишмановци), was a medieval Bulgarian royal dynasty of partial¹ Cuman origin.²

The Shishman dynasty consecutively ruled the Second Bulgarian Empire for approximately one century, from 1323 to 1422, when it was conquered by the Ottomans. The Shishmanids were related to the earlier Asen dynasty, and according to the Ragusan historian Lukarić, also to the immediately preceding Terter dynasty.¹ In Plamen Pavlov's view, the Shishman dynasty's founder, despotēs Shishman of Vidin, may have been the brother of George I, the first Bulgarian Terterid ruler, thus also coming to Bulgaria from the Kingdom of Hungary after 1241.¹

Among its more notable members were:

Main branch:

• despotēs Shishman of Vidin

• Michael Shishman of Bulgaria (Michael Asen III) (b. after 1280, ruled 1323-1330)

• Ivan Stephen of Bulgaria (ruled 1330-1331)

• despotēs Belaur of Vidin (d. 1336)

Sratsimir branch:

• Ivan Alexander of Bulgaria (nephew of Michael Shishman) (ruled 1331-1371)

• co-emperor Michael Asen IV оf Bulgaria (b. c. 1322, co-emperor 1332-1355)
• Ivan Sratsimir of Bulgaria (b. 1324/1325, ruled 1356-1397 in Vidin)

• Constantine II of Bulgaria (b. early 1370s, ruled 1397-1422 in Vidin and in exile)

• Ivan Shishman of Bulgaria (b. 1350/1351, ruled 1371-1395 in Tarnovo)

• Patriarch Joseph II of Constantinople? (possible illegitimate son)³ (Patriarch of Constantinople 1416-1439)
• Fruzhin (d. c. 1460)

References

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