Thyroxine.html |
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| Thyroxine | |
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| IUPAC name | (S)-2-amino-3-(4-(4-hydroxy- 3,5-diiodophenoxy)- 3,5-diiodophenyl)propanoic acid |
| Identifiers | |
| CAS number | 7488-70-2 |
| PubChem | |
| MeSH | |
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| Properties | |
| Molecular formula | C15H11I4NO4 |
| Molar mass | 776.87 |
| Except where noted otherwise, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C, 100 kPa) Infobox references |
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Thyroxine, or 3,5,3',5'-tetraiodothyronine (often abbreviated as T4), a form of thyroid hormones is the major hormone secreted by the follicular cells of the thyroid gland.
T4 is transported in blood, with 99.95% of the secreted T4 being protein bound, principally to thyroxine-binding globulin (TBG), and, to a lesser extent, to transthyretin and serum albumin. T4 is involved in controlling the rate of metabolic processes in the body and influencing physical development. Administration of thyroxine has been shown to significantly increase the concentration of nerve growth factor in the brains of adult mice.1
Note: Thyroxine is a prohormone and a reservoir for the active thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3). T4 is converted in the tissues by deiodinases to T3. The "D" isomer is called "Dextrothyroxine"2 and is used as a lipid modifying agent.3 The half-life of thyroxine once released into the blood circulatory system is about 1 week.
The hormone was synthesised in 1927 by British chemists Charles Robert Harington and George Barger.
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References
- ^ Walker et al. (27 April 1979) Thyroxine increases nerve growth factor concentration in adult mouse brain. Science. Vol. 204, No. 4391. pp. 427 - 429.
- ^ MeSH Dextrothyroxine
- ^ C10
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